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Introduction to PyTorch ReLU

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What is PyTorch ReLU? How to Use PyTorch ReLU?

ReLU layers can be constructed in PyTorch easily with simple coding.

relu1 = nn.ReLU(inplace=False)

Input or output dimensions need not be specified as the function is applied based on the elements in the code. Inplace in the code explains how the function should treat the input. Inplace as true replaces the input to output in the memory. Though this helps in memory usage, this creates problems for the code being used as the input is always getting replaced as output. It is better to set in place to false as this helps to store input and output as separate storage spaces in the memory.

A container must be set as the next step where we can place the ReLU layer.

cont = nn.Sequential()

The next step is to define the convolutional layers.

begin_convol_layer = nn.Conv2d(input_channels=2, output_channels=12, kernel_size=2, stride=1, padding=1) cont.add_module("Conv1", begin_convol_layer)

This should be added to the ReLU layer as well.

cont.add_module("Relu1", relu1)

With all the codes in place, we will get the output when we run these codes and this is the way to use ReLU in PyTorch.

PyTorch ReLU Parameters

The main parameters used in ReLU are weight and bias and most other parameters are noted in the layers directly. Another parameter to note is in place which says whether the input should be stored in the same place of output or not. This is optional and if it is not mentioned, ReLU considers itself the value as False where input and output is stored in separate memory space.

PyTorch ReLU Functional Element Function Element

Linear and bilinear – linear and bilinear transformations can be done to the data with the help of linear function.

Dropout – random zeroes of some elements are considered with the probability obtained from the Bernoulli distribution.

Embedding – lookup table is provided to check out the embeddings where a fixed dictionary with the size is provided.

Pdist – p-norm distance is calculated between the vectors present in the input.

L1 – loss – absolute value difference is taken with the help of this function.

PyTorch Linear Examples

Code:

a = nn.ReLU() in = torch.randn(3) out = a(in) a = nn.ReLU() in = torch.randn(3).unsqueeze(0) out = torch.cat((a(in),a(-in))) class relu(nn.Module): def __init__(self): super(relu, self).__init__() self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(1, 3, 7) self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(3, 23, 7) chúng tôi = nn.Linear(23 * 7 * 7, 220) chúng tôi = nn.Linear(220, 96) chúng tôi = nn.Linear(96, 20) def forward(self, a): a = F.max_pool2d(F.relu(self.conv1(a)), (3, 3)) a = F.max_pool2d(F.relu(self.conv2(a)), 3) a = torch.flatten(a, 1) a = F.relu(self.fc1(a)) a = F.relu(self.fc2(a)) a = self.fc3(a) return a relu = Relu() print(relu) def __init__(self, in_size, num_channels, ngf, num_layers, activation='tanh'): super(ImageDecoder, self).__init__() ngf = ngf * (3 ** (num_layers - 3)) layers_def = [nn.ConvTranspose2d(in_size, ngf, 6, 2, 0, bias=False), nn.BatchNorm2d(ngf), nn.ReLU(True)] for k in range(2, num_layers - 2): layers_def += [nn.ConvTranspose2d(ngf, ngf nn.BatchNorm2d(ngf nn.ReLU(True)] ngf = ngf layers_def += [nn.ConvTranspose2d(ngf, num_channels, 4, 2, 1, bias=False)] if activation == 'tanh': layers_def += [nn.Tanh()] elif activation == 'sigmoid': layers_def += [nn.Sigmoid()] else: raise NotImplementedError chúng tôi = nn.Sequential(*layers_def) Difference between nn.relu() vs F.relu()

nn.Module is created with the help of nn. relu which can be added to the sequential model of the code. We cannot do the same in chúng tôi as it is a functional API and if needed, it can be added to the forward pass of the code.

An output layer is taken as input in chúng tôi which does not have a hidden layer and all the negative values are converted to 0 or considered as an output. chúng tôi does the same operation but we have to initialize the method with nn. relu and use it in the forward call of the code. We don’t have any tensor state with chúng tôi but we have tensor with nn. relu.

Conclusion

Complex data is fixed with the help of ReLU function as linear data is converted to non-linear data. ReLU is also considered as an API with no functions and has stateless objects in place. When there are static inputs, the approach used must be standard and hence the code will be different.